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India - an overview
A country of over 1 billion consumers
Land area of 3.29 million sq. km.
Stable democratic environment for 50 years
Independent judiciary and vibrant media
Strong and mature private sector accounting for 75% of the GDP
Macro-Economic Indicators
Population: 1.03 billion
GDP*: USD 425 billion
Rank: 4th largest economy
in terms of PPP
GDP share
- Agriculture: 24%
- Industry: 27%
- Services: 49%
(* current prices
Economic Scenario
GDP growth rate for 2003-2004 : 8.1%
(Industry 6.5%, Services 8.4%; Agriculture 9.1%)
Foreign exchange reserves : USD 119 bn
A 300-350 million-strong consumer base
Rapidly growing knowledge and services sectors
Mature and Vibrant capital market
Strong financial & regulatory institutions
A steady domestic reforms process
Exports increased by 17.3% in 2003-2004 reaching USD 61.8 billion
Imports increased by 25% to USD 75.2 billion
How does India spend?
Indians spend USD 61.20 billion each year of which:
- Food / beverages: 33.88 billion
- Clothing / footwear: 6.62 billion
- Fuel / power: 6.06 billion
- Transport / Commn.: 5.85 billion
- Others: 8.79 billion
Economic and Commercial Cooperation
Before 1990, trade was conducted based on annual trade protocols and rupee
clearing system by state trading organisation.
New Trade Agreement came into effect fro 1 January 1990,providing for
trade in convertible currency and mutual extension of MFN status
Both countries are members of WTO
Trade
Total trade more than doubled between 1992 and 2003
India's exports to Poland for period Jan-Aug 2004 amounted to USD 199.64
m (+32.12%) and imports reached USD 58.42 m (+10%) (Source: Central Statistical
Office (GUS) of Poland)
However much below actual potential/opportunities
Significant under-reporting of actual exports to Poland
Despite fundamental changes in trade relations, Poland retained its status
as India's largest export market and trading partner in CEE after Russia
Poland can act as supply base for penetrating markets in Ukraine, Belarus,
Slovakia and Baltic States
Market needs to be evaluated in the light of emerging opportunities
Where does India stand in Polish market?
India's share of Polish market remains miniscule
In 2003, India accounted for only 0.33% of Poland's total imports
And 0.15% of Polish exports
Market share in Polish imports of other countries
Brazil: 0.43% China: 4.3% Turkey: 1.1%
Indonesia: 0.41% Malaysia: 0.5% Thailand: 0.4%
Trade commodities
Profile of India's export basket to Poland is fairly diversified
bulk tea, coffee, unmanufactured tobacco, de-oiled cakes, black pepper,
cotton yarn, cotton textiles, made-ups and apparel, jute manufactures,
mica and mica products, light engineering products like hand tools and
consumer electronics and some machinery items like machine tools and textile
machinery
Trade commodities
Major imports from Poland have been
equipment for power stations, railway equipment such as wheel sets, rails
etc., coal mining machinery, ships and ship engines, machine tools, other
capital goods and commodities such as coking coal, sulphur, rapeseed oil,
chemicals and pharmaceuticals, ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
Economic Cooperation
Mining sector
Cooperation in the coal sector started in the early 1960s
Supply of mining machinery, equipment and technical know-how
Power sector
Elektrim delivered machines, equipment and installations for 11 power
plants in India (Kaperkheda, Paras, Bhusava and Koradi in Maharashtra;
Barauuni and Bokaro in Bihar; Basin in Bridge in Tamil Nadu; Durgapur
in West Bengal; Rourkela in Orissa; and the Talcher power plant)
Electrim has additionally supplied a variety of transformers, switchboards
and other power transmission equipment and constructed a 75MW power plant
in the Kuchch region of Gujarat on a turn-key basis
Railways
Poland has been a supplier of railway equipment, particularly wheels,
axles and rails, as well as turbines and diesel engines to India.
Chinese hotels : Hongkong : wywóz kontenerów Kraków :
Polsko - Chińska Izba Gospodarcza
Shipping
A number of merchant ships have also been delivered by the Gdansk shipyard
IT
Poland has a large trained pool of IT personnel
Citibank sources software requirements and training programmes from India
Computer Land, a major IT firm in Poland, has tied up with a company in
Pune for its training requirements
While major software contracts go to European firms, Indian companies,
particularly those doing business with European firms can utilize their
contacts to enter this market.
According to Polish Agency for foreign Investments and Information, Euros
15 billion expected to be invested during the next five years in services
sector in Poland.
Products identified for export to Poland
- Tea
- Coffee
- Rice
- Spices
- Tobacco
- Cotton yarn
- Fabric
- Made-ups
- Garments of all kinds for men and women as per normal European specifications
- Computer software and hardware
- Toys
- Footwear (leather, casual and sports)
- Leather and leather products
- Light engineering products and auto components
- Electronic, electrical and non-electrical household products (especially
those with established brand names)
- Steel utensils
- Chemicals (dyes etc)
- Drugs and pharmaceuticals
- Hand tools
- Data processing machinery and equipment
- Travel goods (suitcases, soft bags)
- Sports goods and equipment
- Watches and clocks
- Floor covering and carpets
Bilateral Investments / Joint Ventures
India and Poland are both seeking foreign direct investment and are thus
not yet major capital exporting countries
Polish investments in India from 1991 to Nov 2003 amounted to USD 4.19
million, while Indian investments in Poland up to February 2000 amounted
to USD 1.12 million (Source: Secretariat for Industrial Assistance, New
Delhi)
Indian investments in Poland mainly involve trade offices/warehousing
facilities
M/s Ranbaxy Ltd. Has set up a representative office in Poland.
Bilateral Investments / Joint Ventures (contd.)
In Poland: There are three Indo-Polish joint ventures
(a) between M/s Escorts and Pol-Mot for import and assembly of tractors
in Mragowo, Poland.
(b) TZMO S.A. Manufacturer of hygiene products and Premier Enterprises
in Tamil Nadu, India have formed a joint venture company called Bella
Premier Hygiene Care Pvt Ltd to produce health care & hygienic products
(c) LNM Holdings has acquired Polska Huta Stali on 5th March 2004 and
renamed it Ispat Polska Stal - capacity to produce 6 million tons of Steel
every year.
In India: between Bobkay Engineers Pvt Ltd, Mumbai and Enko SA, Gliwice,
Poland for manufacture of high quality electro-magnetic flow meters for
food processing industry, especially for dairy sector.
Bilateral Investments / Joint Ventures (contd.)
Possibilities exist for two sides to forge joint ventures or cooperate
through technology transfer agreements in:
Automobile
Chemical and pharmaceuticals
Earth moving and construction machinery
Electronics
Exploration of oil and natural gas
Environmental friendly technology for power stations and food processing
sectors
Alcoholic drinks, particularly Vodka
CONCLUSIONS
Joint ventures, industrial collaborations and tie-ups at a right time
India figures in a shortlist of countries meriting special attention
Extensive inter-banking arrangements, including setting up of JOINT VENTURE
BANK
Promotion of trade and economic linkages involves:
frequent visits
Participation in general and specialized trade fairs and exhibitions
Creating warehousing facilities and display centres
Direct air and shipping links
Reciprocal credit and insurance facilities
A week long "Incredible India" show which will include a business seminar
in March 2005.
A BSM in February by Indo-EU Chamber of Commerce
An India Show for 3 days in June 2005 in the Palace of Science & Culture
in which representatives from the Indian industry and trade will participate.
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